Section 374: Definition of publication

(1) For the purposes of this Code, the publication of defamatory matter is‐
(a) in the case of spoken words or audible sounds, the speaking of such words or the
making of such sounds in the hearing of the person defamed or any other person;
(b) in other cases, the exhibiting of it in public, or causing it to be read or seen, or
showing or delivering it, or causing it to be shown or delivered, with intent that it may
be read or seen by the person defamed or by any other person.
(2) Sounds where recorded shall, if defamatory, be deemed to be published if
reproduced in any place to the hearing of persons other than the person causing it to
be reproduced.
(3) In this section‐
"recorded" means sounds collected or stored by means of tape, disc, cylinder or other
means whatsoever, where the sounds are capable of being reproduced or are intended
for reproduction by electrical or mechanical means at any time or from time to time
thereafter, and includes the matrix, and cognate expressions shall have the like
meaning;
"sound" includes speech and mere noise.